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			<journal-meta>
				<journal-id journal-id-type="ojs">journalsr</journal-id>
				<journal-title-group>
					<journal-title xml:lang="ru">Южно-российский журнал социальных наук</journal-title>
					<trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
						<trans-title>South-Russian Journal of Social Sciences</trans-title>
					</trans-title-group>
				</journal-title-group>
			<issn pub-type="epub">2618-8007</issn>
			<issn pub-type="ppub">2619-0567</issn>
			<publisher>
				<publisher-name>Кубанский государственный университет</publisher-name>
				<publisher-loc>RU</publisher-loc>
			</publisher>
			<self-uri xlink:href="https://journalsr.kubsu.ru/" />
		</journal-meta>
		<article-meta>
			<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">132</article-id>
			<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31429/26190567-22-2-87-103</article-id>
			<article-categories>
				<subj-group xml:lang="ru" subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Научная статья</subject></subj-group>
				<subj-group xml:lang="en" subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Original article</subject></subj-group>
				<subj-group xml:lang="ru"><subject>Политические институты и процессы</subject></subj-group>
				<subj-group xml:lang="en"><subject>Political Institutions and Processes</subject></subj-group>
			</article-categories>
			<title-group>
				<article-title xml:lang="ru">Европейский «этичный искусственный интеллект»: от инструмента экономики к политической проблеме</article-title>
				<trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
					<trans-title>European "Ethical Artificial Intelligence": From an Instrument of Economics to a Political Problem</trans-title>
					</trans-title-group>
			</title-group>
			<contrib-group content-type="author">
				<contrib >
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid" authenticated="false">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0698-4480</contrib-id>
					<name-alternatives>
						<string-name specific-use="display">Федоров А.В.</string-name>
						<name name-style="western" specific-use="primary" xml:lang="ru">
							<surname>Федоров</surname>
							<given-names>Александр Валентинович</given-names>
						</name>
						<name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
							<surname>Fedorov</surname>
							<given-names>Alexander V.</given-names>
						</name>
					</name-alternatives>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1" />
					<email>fedorov-av@bmstu.ru</email>
					<bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bauman Moscow State Technical University, 2nd Baumanskaya St., 5, building 1, Moscow, 105005, Russia</p></bio>
					<bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Московский государственный технический университет им. Н. Э. Баумана, 2‑я Бауманская ул., 5, стр. 1 Москва, 105005, Россия</p></bio>
				</contrib>
			</contrib-group>
			<aff id="aff-1"><institution content-type="orgname" xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный технический университет им. Н. Э. Баумана</institution><institution content-type="orgname" xml:lang="en">Bauman Moscow State Technical University</institution></aff>
			<pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-12-09" publication-format="ppub">
				<day>09</day>
				<month>12</month>
				<year>2021</year>
			</pub-date>
			<volume>22</volume>
			<issue>2</issue>
				<fpage>87</fpage>
				<lpage>103</lpage>
			<history>
				<date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-05-15">
					<day>15</day>
					<month>05</month>
					<year>2021</year>
				</date>
				<date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2021-06-20">
					<day>20</day>
					<month>06</month>
					<year>2021</year>
				</date>
				<date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-12-09">
					<day>09</day>
					<month>12</month>
					<year>2021</year>
				</date>
			</history>
			<permissions>
				<copyright-statement>Copyright (c) 2021 Александр Валентинович Федоров</copyright-statement>
				<copyright-year>2021</copyright-year>
				<copyright-holder>Александр Валентинович Федоров</copyright-holder>
				<license xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0">
					<license-p>Это произведение доступно по лицензии Creative Commons «Attribution» («Атрибуция») 4.0 Всемирная.</license-p>
				</license>
			</permissions>
			<self-uri xlink:href="https://journalsr.kubsu.ru/article/view/132" />
			<abstract xml:lang="en">
				<p>The question, what is intelligence, does not yet have an answer. Even more incomprehensible for the majority has become “intellect artificial” (AI). However, discussions about its relevance to the development of society are considered complete, and more than 30 countries and state associations have already defined their AI strategies in one form or another. The most interesting and advanced strategy until recently was the European Commission (EC) concept. It is based on the idea put forward by Ursula fon der Liaien / Ursula von der Leyen that Europe should achieve world leadership at the expense of “more ethical” AI systems than those produced by other manufacturers. However, attempts by the EC to address morality through market or policy-­making methods have led to the risk of serious social unrest. However, attempts by the EC to address morality through market- or policy-­making methods have led to the risk of serious social unrest. After a series of victorious reports, it turned out that «ethical AI» was first incorporated by its European developers into the monitoring and discriminatory selection systems controlling the individual and that its application violates human rights, limits the democratic freedom of the individual and runs counter to the principles of liberal democracy. The EC’s attempt to resolve this moral contradiction by preparing new directives and setting legal restraints makes the situation increasingly confusing. Moreover, leaving outside the discussion the military application of AI, apologists for the «ethics» of the European project only provoke skeptics against it. The outcome of the EC’s work will be reviewed at a later stage, but European approaches to the problem, decisions taken and obstacles encountered can be assessed now.</p>
			</abstract>
			<abstract xml:lang="ru">
				<p>Вопрос, что такое интеллект, ответа пока не имеет. Еще более непонятным для большинства стал «интеллект искусственный» (ИИ). Однако дискуссии о его нужности для развития социума считаются завершенными, и более 30 стран и государственных объединений в той или иной форме уже определили свои стратегии в области ИИ. Наиболее интересной и продвинутой из них до недавнего времени рассматривалась концепция Еврокомиссии (ЕК). В ее основе лежит выдвинутая Урсулой фон дер Ляйен идея достижения Европой мирового лидерства за счет большей, чем у других производителей, «этичности» выпускаемых систем ИИ. Однако попытки ЕК решать вопросы морали рыночными или директивными методами привели к угрозе серьезных социальных возмущений. После череды победных реляций оказалось, что «этичный ИИ» в первую очередь инкорпорирован его европейскими разработчиками в контролирующие индивида системы наблюдения и дискриминационного отбора, применение которых нарушает права человека, ограничивает демократические свободы личности и противоречит принципам либеральной демократии. Попытка ЕК разрешить это моральное противоречие путем подготовки новых директив и установки правовых ограничений делает ситуацию все более запутанной. Мало того, оставляя за рамками дискуссии военное применение ИИ, апологеты «этичности» европейского проекта только провоцируют скептиков на противодействие ему. Итоги работы ЕК будут подводиться позже, но оценить европейские подходы к проблеме, принятые решения и возникшие на этом пути препятствия можно уже сейчас.</p>
			</abstract>
			<kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
				<kwd>Еврокомиссия</kwd>
				<kwd>Европа</kwd>
				<kwd>искусственный интеллект</kwd>
				<kwd>системы искусственного интеллекта</kwd>
			</kwd-group>
			<counts><page-count count="17" /></counts>
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