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			<journal-meta>
				<journal-id journal-id-type="ojs">journalsr</journal-id>
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					<journal-title xml:lang="ru">Южно-российский журнал социальных наук</journal-title>
					<trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
						<trans-title>South-Russian Journal of Social Sciences</trans-title>
					</trans-title-group>
				</journal-title-group>
			<issn pub-type="epub">2618-8007</issn>
			<issn pub-type="ppub">2619-0567</issn>
			<publisher>
				<publisher-name>Кубанский государственный университет</publisher-name>
				<publisher-loc>RU</publisher-loc>
			</publisher>
			<self-uri xlink:href="https://journalsr.kubsu.ru/" />
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		<article-meta>
			<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">34</article-id>
			<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31429/26190567-20-1-24-39</article-id>
			<article-categories>
				<subj-group xml:lang="ru" subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Научная статья</subject></subj-group>
				<subj-group xml:lang="en" subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Original article</subject></subj-group>
				<subj-group xml:lang="ru"><subject>Политические институты и процессы</subject></subj-group>
				<subj-group xml:lang="en"><subject>Political Institutions and Processes</subject></subj-group>
			</article-categories>
			<title-group>
				<article-title xml:lang="en">Non-state Actors and Illegal Migration: a New European Approach to Security Policies</article-title>
				<trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
					<trans-title>Негосударственные акторы и нелегальная миграция: новый европейский подход к политике безопасности</trans-title>
					</trans-title-group>
			</title-group>
			<contrib-group content-type="author">
				<contrib >
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid" authenticated="false">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5564-6798</contrib-id>
					<name-alternatives>
						<string-name specific-use="display">Bargiacchi P.</string-name>
						<name name-style="western" specific-use="primary" xml:lang="en">
							<surname>Bargiacchi</surname>
							<given-names>Paolo</given-names>
						</name>
						<name name-style="western" xml:lang="ru">
							<surname>Барджакки</surname>
							<given-names>Паоло</given-names>
						</name>
					</name-alternatives>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1" />
					<email>bargiacchi71@yahoo.com</email>
					<bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kore University of Enna, Cittadella Universitaria, Enna, 94100, Italy</p></bio>
					<bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Университет КОРЕ, Читаделла Университариа, 94100, Энна, Италия</p></bio>
				</contrib>
			</contrib-group>
			<aff id="aff-1"><institution content-type="orgname" xml:lang="en">Kore University of Enna, Cittadella Universitaria</institution><institution content-type="orgname" xml:lang="ru">Университет КОРЕ, Читаделла Университариа</institution></aff>
			<pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2019-03-23" publication-format="ppub">
				<day>23</day>
				<month>03</month>
				<year>2019</year>
			</pub-date>
			<volume>20</volume>
			<issue>1</issue>
				<fpage>24</fpage>
				<lpage>39</lpage>
			<history>
				<date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2019-02-09">
					<day>09</day>
					<month>02</month>
					<year>2019</year>
				</date>
				<date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2019-02-25">
					<day>25</day>
					<month>02</month>
					<year>2019</year>
				</date>
				<date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2019-03-23">
					<day>23</day>
					<month>03</month>
					<year>2019</year>
				</date>
			</history>
			<permissions>
				<copyright-statement>Copyright (c) 2019 Паоло Барджакки</copyright-statement>
				<copyright-year>2019</copyright-year>
				<copyright-holder>Паоло Барджакки</copyright-holder>
				<license xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0">
					<license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.</license-p>
				</license>
			</permissions>
			<self-uri xlink:href="https://journalsr.kubsu.ru/article/view/34" />
			<abstract xml:lang="en">
				<p>The impact of NSAs such as organized armed groups, organized crime groups and terrorist groups on MENA (Middle East &amp; North Africa) region is twofold. They fuel instability, crime, violence, and armed conflicts in the region and turn into push factors, if not means or vehicle, for illegal migration towards Europe where it is often perceived, right or wrong, as a serious threat to security. The EU response to migration is therefore evolving as well as the related security policies. Following decades of strong and wide protection of human rights in any situation, European States are seeking for a new and different balance between human rights and security. It seems as if States are nowadays ready to trade some political idealism and legal functionalism in the field of migration and human rights for more political pragmatism and legal formalism in the field of security. Some clues are emblematic of this new approach of security marked by some US‑style features such as a more limited judicial review and a formalistic interpretation and application of the law. Even if, for the time being, Europe has substantially stayed true to a high standard of human rights protection, the quest for more security by Governments might set them on a collision course with supranational Courts and their functionalist approach to human rights protection.</p>
			</abstract>
			<abstract xml:lang="ru">
				<p>Влияние негосударственных акторов, таких как организованные вооружённые группы (ОВГ), организованные криминальные группы (ОКГ) и террористические группы на регион Европейского Средиземноморья является двояким. Они разжигают нестабильность, преступность, насилие и вооружённые конфликты в этом регионе и становятся провоцирующим фактором, и даже средством, нелегальной миграции в Европу, где этот феномен зачастую воспринимают как серьёзную угрозу безопасности. Это обуславливает реакцию ЕС на миграцию и соответствующую политику безопасности. После многих лет всесторонней борьбы за права человека, европейские страны стремятся найти новое, отличное от прежнего, равновесие между правами человека и безопасностью. Создаётся впечатление, что сегодня страны Евросоюза готовы сменить политический идеализм и правовой функционализм в сфере миграции и прав человека на прагматизм с большим политическим уклоном и на правовой формализм в области безопасности. Символично, что в этом новом подходе к политике безопасности просматриваются некоторые черты американского правосудия (более ограниченный судебный надзор, а также более формальная интерпретация закона и его применение. Даже несмотря на то, что в настоящее время Европа в значительной мере остаётся приверженной высоким стандартам защиты прав человека, стремление правительств европейских стран к более высокому уровню безопасности может привести их к столкновению с наднациональными судами и с функционалистским подходом последних к защите прав человека.</p>
			</abstract>
			<kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
				<kwd>негосударственные акторы и нелегальная миграция</kwd>
				<kwd>безопасность и права человека</kwd>
				<kwd>европейский и американский подходы к безопасности</kwd>
				<kwd>влияние негосударственных акторов на регион Европейского Средиземноморья и ЕС</kwd>
				<kwd>новая политика безопасности ЕС</kwd>
			</kwd-group>
			<kwd-group xml:lang="en">
				<kwd>non-­State actors and illegal migration</kwd>
				<kwd>security and human rights</kwd>
				<kwd>European and US approaches to security</kwd>
				<kwd>non-­State actors’ impact on MENA region and EU</kwd>
				<kwd>new EU security policies</kwd>
			</kwd-group>
			<support-group>
				<funding-group>
					<funding-statement xml:lang="en">This Article is the result of research carried out by the Author within the Jean Monnet Network POWERS (Peace, War and the World in European Security Challenges) co-funded by the Erasmus+ Programme of the European Union (http://powers-network.vsu.ru/en/home/). This publication reflects the views only of the author, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.</funding-statement>
					<funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Эта статья является результатом исследования, проведенного автором в рамках Сетевого проекта Жана Моне &quot;Мир, война и мир в вызовах европейской безопасности&quot;, совместно финансируемого Программой Европейского Союза &quot;Эразмус+&quot; (http://powers-network.vsu.ru/en/home/).</funding-statement>
				</funding-group>
			</support-group>
			<counts><page-count count="16" /></counts>
		</article-meta>
	</front>
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