Аннотация
В статье представлены результаты обобщения основных теоретико-методологических подходов, утвердившихся сегодня в поле так называемых сельских исследований (rural studies). Это междисциплинарное направление на стыке аграрной экономики и истории, социально-экономической географии, социальной и культурной антропологии, культурологии, социолингвистики, социальной психологии, социологии и политологии изучает тенденции развития негородских территорий, а также субъектов и практики управления этой сферой. Рассматривая в таком контексте содержательное наполнение понятия «сельский» (rural) и вопросы, стоящие сегодня в повестке дня «сельских» исследований в политической науке в мире и в России, автор стремится выявить ресурсы, которые могут стать потенциальными двигателями роста благосостояния сельских территорий, обустройства негородских пространств и консолидации местных сообществ. На основе анализа дискуссии о «сельском» направлении в государственной политике развития в странах ЕС выдвигается гипотеза о прямом влиянии дискурсов о развитии на политико-управленческие приоритеты. Делается вывод о том, что ключевое условие формирования идентичности развития как основы укрепления сельских сообществ и мотивированной вовлеченности жителей села в деятельность по улучшению качества жизни и природной среды — нахождение оптимального для конкретного контекста баланса в использовании разнообразных ресурсов, как институциональных механизмов представительства интересов, так и ресурсов политики идентичности. Такой подход ориентирован на продвижение по пути ответственного развития; субъектами такого развития являются органы центральной власти и местного самоуправления, бизнес, гражданские инициативы, экспертные и исследовательские структуры и сами сельские жители, их инициативы по самоорганизации и продвижению своих интересов. Поэтому важными приоритетами для работающих в этом поле ученых является формирование соответствующего публичного дискурса, налаживание механизмов обратной связи между экспертами и теми, кто является объектом исследований, стимулирование вовлеченности и целенаправленное продвижение запросов сельских жителей в политическую повестку дня.
Ключевые слова
Финансирование
Статья подготовлена в рамках гранта РФФИ № 19-011-31356 «Развитие сельских местных сообществ: потенциал политики идентичности в условиях гетерогенного социально-экономического и социокультурного пространства региона».Библиографические ссылки
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