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Copyright (c) 2018 Стеффен Рот, Николай Александрович Трофимов, Артур Ервандович Мкртичян
Аннотация
Изучение социальных трансформаций будущего и будущего социальных трансформаций зависит от релевантности нашего знания о современности и прошлом. Целью нашего исследования является изучение эволюции ключевых концептов социальной дифференциации, отраженных в русскоязычной книгопечатной коммуникации. Основной задачей является тестирование гипотез о правдоподобности описания русской языковой среды в терминах политизации, секуляризации, медиатизации (информатизации) и доминирования функциональной системы экономики и капитализма как одной из форм описания этого доминирования в период 1800–2000 гг. В ходе нашего исследования мы использовали графический инструмент Google Ngram Viewer, позволяющий в режиме реального времени отображать временные ряды (графики) нормализованной по количеству книг, опубликованных в течение каждого календарного года, относительной частоты встречаемости n-грамм, в том числе слов и словосочетаний, в крупнейшей в мире диахронической языковой базе данных оцифрованных книг (размеченных текстов) Google Books. С помощью Google Ngram Viewer мы составили графики комбинированных нормализованных частот встречаемости ключевых русских слов, относящихся к 10 различным функциональным системам русскоязычной среды. Результаты исследования подтверждают нарастающую функциональную дифференциацию, сильную политизацию, ярко выраженную секуляризацию и сциентификацию русскоязычной коммуникации, отраженной в книгопечатном дискурсе. В то же время отмечается, что экономика была маргинальной функциональной системой до революции. Несмотря на выявленное укрепление позиций экономики после революции и обнаружение относительного апогея влиятельности этой функциональной системы в 50–80-е гг. XX в., отсутствие достоверных данных о доминировании функциональной системы экономики противоречит распространенным на уровне здравого смысла и запечатленным в литературе политэкономии и социализма утверждениям о макро-социальных проявлениях капитализма в России в период с 1800 по 2000 г.
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