Аннотация
В статье на основе анализа динамики взаимодействия Грузии с Россией демонстрируются ограничения объяснительных возможностей классических (в первую очередь, относящихся к парадигме реализма) концепций ТМО при прогнозировании внешнеполитического поведения малых государств и обосновывается целесообразность обращения к концепту идентичности и теории конструктивизма. Для ответа на центральный вопрос исследования — почему потенциальные преимущества взаимовыгодного экономического и дипломатического сотрудничества не становятся противоядием от периодических антироссийских срывов политического руководства Грузии — автор последовательно решает следующие задачи: 1) обозначает концепции ТМО, предоставляющие полезный инструментарий для раскрытия роли национальной идентичности во внешней политике; 2) дает краткое описание политики идентичности независимой Грузии и выделяет ее «узловые элементы»; 3) определяет, какими институциональными решениями подкрепляется идея об изначальной «европейскости» Грузии и допускает ли она сохранение партнерства с Москвой. Прослеживается историческая трансформация образа российского государства в политике идентичности грузинских элит от «значимого» до «враждебного Другого». Раскрываются механизмы создания образа «мы-сообщества» и установления границ «свой — чужой», в том числе, включающие в себя работу с исторической памятью. Выявляются социокультурные основания отсутствия прогресса на пути нормализации грузино-российских отношений.
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