Аннотация
В статье рассматриваются подходы национальных и субнациональных политических элит Великобритании к проблемам и политике безопасности и обороны страны после брекзита. Под политическими элитами подразумевается руководство и имеющие депутатские мандаты члены политических партий, представленных в Палате общин Британского парламента, а также ведущих партийных сил в законодательных органах Шотландии, Северной Ирландии, Уэльса. Отдельно отмечается Партия брекзита. Используя дискурс-анализ и пространственно-организационный подход, автор идентифицирует и анализирует три значимых пространства их политической борьбы, выделяет и классифицирует позиции ключевых политических партий Соединенного Королевства по вопросам регулирования межэтнических и межтерриториальных отношений в государстве, брекзита, трансформации системы внешней политики, модернизации вооружённых сил, разработки новой стратегии национальной безопасности. Делается вывод о смещении пространства политической борьбы с классической дихотомии «левые–правые» в сторону противостояния «ремейнеров» и «брекзитёров». На первый план выходят внутриполитические проблемы и конфликты, в связи с чем автор прогнозирует переход политической системы Великобритании к многопартийности и продолжение деволюционных процессов, а также новый подъем сепаратистских настроений. Что касается значимости обсуждаемых вопросов будущего страны, то тематика безопасности и обороны в сложившемся контексте звучит не столь остро. При этом она приобретёт новую актуальность после выхода Соединённого Королевства из политического кризиса, вызванного брекзитом, в связи с поиском нового места страны в мире. Данное исследование показывает раскол ведущих политических партий по проблеме безопасности и обороны, который отразится в будущих дебатах как в национальном, так и в региональных парламентах.
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