DOI
https://doi.org/10.31429/26190567-23-3-48-66Как цитировать
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Copyright (c) 2023 Оксана Геннадьевна Харитонова
Аннотация
Анализ существующих в политической науке классификаций и типологий политических режимов показывает, что классификации, нацеленные на проведение глобальных сравнений на высоком уровне абстракции, не всегда способны фиксировать политические подвижки внутри одного режима, что связано как с быстрыми изменениями в политической сфере, так и с трудностями оценки изменений в разных политико-культурных средах. Для более точного отражения режимной динамики автор предлагает спуститься на средний уровень лестницы абстракции, а также использовать детализированную четырехуровневую таксономизацию политических режимов. В частности, на первом уровне анализа применяется трихотомия с выделением демократического, гибридного и авторитарного режимов; на втором рассматриваются формальные институты политических режимов с использованием модифицированной институционально-фокусированной классификации А. Хадениуса; на третьем учитывается основа легитимации режима, в том числе традиционная (монархическая и религиозная), идеологическая, харизматическая и популистская формы; на четвертом в классификацию включаются вариационные факторы устойчивости политического режима, в том числе ресурсы (режимы-рантье), репрессии, WOW-факторы. Предлагаемый алгоритм таксономизации разработан на эмпирическом материале стран Арабского Востока.
Ключевые слова
Информация о финансировании
Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке РФФИ в рамках научного проекта № 20-011-00922А «Арабское государство после “арабской весны”: траектории и динамика политических трансформаций».
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